单增李斯特菌感染过程中炎性体激活的研究进展

Activation of inflammasome during Listeria monocytogenes infection―a review

摘要:

单增李斯特菌(Listeria monocytogenes，LM)感染可导致人和动物李斯特菌病的发生，当机体受到单增李斯特菌感染后，胞质中的模式识别受体如NOD样受体和DNA/RNA感受器通过识别细菌的病原相关分子模式和毒力因子形成炎性体进行免疫防御。研究证实，细胞内的NLRP3、AIM2、NLRC4、RIG-I、NOD1/NOD2炎性体可分别感知单增李斯特菌的溶血素O、细菌DNA、鞭毛蛋白、菌体RNA及细菌肽聚糖碎片后被激活，促进促炎性因子白细胞介素(interleukin，IL)-1β和IL-18的表达、成熟和分泌，诱导组织炎症和细胞的免疫应答，同时导致细胞快速死亡。本文对上述问题就国内外最新研究进展进行综述和探讨。

Abstract:

listeria monocytogenes infection can cause listeriosis in human and animals. When organisms are infected with L. monocytogenes, pattern recognition receptors such as NLRs and DNA/RNA sensor in cytosol sense bacterial pathogen associated molecular patterns and bacterial virulence factors, and form multiprotein complexes called inflammasomes for immune defense. Recent studies confirm that NLRP3, AIM2, NLRC4, RIG-I and NOD1/2 inflammsomes can sense listeriolysin O, bacterial DNA, flagellin, bacteria RNA and protein peptidoglycan fragments, respectively. Subsequently, these inflammasomes are activated, which regulate the expression, maturity and secretion of proinflammatory factor including interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18 to cause tissue inflammation, cellular immune response. In addition, activated inflammasomes can induce caspase1-dependent pyroptosis. In this review, the above-mentioned issues were discussed based on the recent research progress.