微生物降解3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶醇的研究进展

Research progress in microbial degradation of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol

摘要:

随着高毒性有机磷杀虫剂的限制和禁止使用，近年来以毒死蜱为代表的低毒性有机磷杀虫剂的市场份额有所增加。然而，毒死蜱的使用也导致了环境中3,5,6-三氯-2-吡啶醇(TCP)的产生，因为TCP是毒死蜱和甲基毒死蜱在环境中降解的主要中间代谢产物。它具有较高的水溶性和迁移性，容易进入深层土壤及水体环境，从而引起广泛的污染。释放到环境中的TCP不仅可以抑制TCP及其母体化合物毒死蜱和甲基毒死蜱的生物降解，而且也能抑制其他有机污染物的生物降解，从而进一步加重环境中TCP以及其他有机污染物的累积残留，影响环境系统的自我修复功能。本文概述了TCP及其母体化合物的结构、TCP的生态毒性、TCP降解菌的多样性及其微生物降解的最新研究进展，为毒死蜱和TCP污染地区进行经济可行的生物修复提供参考。

Abstract:

Along with the restriction and prohibition of use of highly toxic organophosphorus pesticides, the market share of the low toxic organophosphours pesticides represented by chlorpyrifos has increased in the recent years. However, the use of chlorpyrifos has led to generation of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (TCP) in the environment, because TCP is the main intermediate metabolite of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl. It is more water soluble, more mobile in soil and more leachable into groundwater and surface water, which causes widespread contamination in soils and aquatic environment. TCP released into the environment not only inhibits the biodegradation of TCP and its parent compound chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl, but also inhibits the biodegradation of other organic pollutants and therefore further increases the residual of TCP and other organic pollutants. In this article, we summarize the chemical structure of TCP and its parent compound, the ecological toxicity of TCP, the diversity of microorganisms capable of degrading TCP, the latest research progress of the biodegradation of TCP, in order to provide the guidance for the economically feasible bioremediation strategy in chlorpyrifos and TCP contaminated area.