微生物增产煤层气技术研究进展

Research progress of microbially enhanced coalbed methane

摘要:

微生物增产煤层气技术能够产生新的煤层气，有效缓解能源紧张问题，是煤层气开采、增产的研究热点。微生物增产煤层气技术的核心机理是煤的厌氧生物降解产甲烷。国内外研究学者通过实验室模拟研究了本源和外源微生物的降解煤产甲烷能力及影响因素。部分煤层气公司富集或分离获得了高效产甲烷菌群，并研究了微生物增产煤层气技术的现场实施方法。开发煤的预处理技术、构建新型高效菌群等可进一步提高微生物的增产煤层气能力，促进微生物增产煤层气技术的应用。

Abstract:

Microbially enhanced coalbed methane (MECoM), which can produce new coalbed methane (CBM) and efficiently release the stress of energy needs, is the hot point in the study on the exploitation and enhancement of CBM. The mechanism of MECoM is the production of methane via anaerobic biodegradation of coal. Stimulation experiments have been performed to investigate the ability of indigenous and exogenous microorganisms to produce methane by degrading coal. And the influential factors have been analyzed in laboratory as well. Diverse methanogenic flora have been obtained through enrichment or isolation methods by some CBM companies. The methods of field implementation have also been investigated. The abilities of microorganisms to produce methane by coal biodegradation could be improved by developing new methods of coal pretreatment, and structuring new microbial flora with high potential to degrade coal, which would promote the application of MECoM.