哈尔滨城市和乡村青年居民肠道菌群多样性研究

Analysis of gut microbial diversity on young people living in rural and urban of Harbin

摘要:

【目的】分析居住于哈尔滨城市和乡村的青年居民肠道菌群多样性的异同。【方法】采用PCR和DGGE技术相结合的方法对生活于哈尔滨城市和乡村的青年志愿者肠道菌群多样性进行研究。基于DGGE指纹图谱，分别使用聚类和PCA分析对志愿者肠道微生物相似性进行分析，使用Shannon-Weine多样性指数(H?)、丰度(S)和均匀度(EH)对志愿者肠道微生物多样性进行分析，对图谱中具有代表性的共性和特异性条带进行胶回收和克隆测序以分析志愿者肠道微生物组成。基于PCR技术在种水平上对城乡志愿者肠道内乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌属多样性进行定性分析。【结果】相似性分析显示，城乡青年居民间肠道微生物群落结构存在分开趋势，相似性小于城市或乡村青年居民内部；多样性分析显示，城乡青年居民肠道微生物多样性差异不显著；测序结果表明，城乡居民肠道微生物组成在门水平上相同，但是在种属水平上存在差异。PCR定性分析显示Lactobacillus plantarum、L. casei和L. salivarius在哈尔滨城乡青年居民肠道内检出率接近100%，Bifidobacterium longum和B. breve的检测率约90%，在哈尔滨城乡青年居民肠道内普遍存在；乳杆菌属和双歧杆菌属各细菌种在城乡居民肠道中的检出频率差异不显著。【结论】哈尔滨城市和乡村青年居民肠道微生物多样性差异不显著。

Abstract:

[Objective] The current study aimed at studying the diversity of gut microbiota on young people living in rural Harbin and urban Harbin. [Methods] A combination of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) was used to examine the diversity of gut microbiota of the subjects. Based on the DGGE profile, the similarity was performed by analysis of clustering and PCA; the analysis of diversity was evaluated by the Shannon-Weine index, richness and eveness; and the composition of gut microbiota was characterized by sequencing of the common and special bands of the lanes in DGGE profile. Based on the PCR, the species diversity of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium in the gut of rural subjects and urban subjects were analyzed. [Results] There was a separated tendency in structure of gut microbiota between rural and urban residents of Harbin, and the similarity of intestinal flora between rural and urban residents was lower than the similarity among rural people or urban people. The differences of diversity of gut microbiota between urban people and rural persons were not significant. The results of sequencing showed that the compositions of gut microbiota of urban subjects and rural subjects were same in phylum level, but different in the level of species and genus. The results of PCR showed that Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium were prevalence bacteria in the gut of rural and urban young subjects of Harbin, and there was no significant difference in detection rate on the species of Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium between rural subjects and urban subjects. The detection rate of L. plantarum, L. casei and L. salivarius was nearly 100%, and B. longum and B. breve was about 90%. [Conclusion] By the present research, the conclusion can be made that the diversity of gut microbiota was not significantly difference between the young subjects from rural Harbin and urban Harbin.