库拉索芦荟内生真菌菌群的多样性研究

Community diversity of endophytic fungi of Aloe barbadensis

摘要:

【目的】了解不同生境下库拉索芦荟内生真菌的菌群组成及其动态变化规律。【方法】分别于春、秋两季对云南、四川、广东以及陕西四地的多年生库拉索芦荟采样，进行内生真菌的分离、鉴定及多样性分析。【结果】所得1 442株内生真菌可归于29个属，其中未发现有性世代及不产孢的占96.88%，子囊菌占0.83%，担子菌占0.07%，接合菌占2.22%。内生菌群以链格孢属Alternaria (35.63%)、镰刀菌属Fusarium (12.69%)及拟茎点霉属Phomopsis (11.65%)为优势种群。【结论】云南与四川的样本菌群组成相似性最高(Cs=0.88)，广东与云南的差异性最大(Cs=0.73)。在根部，以链格孢属Alternaria、镰刀菌属Fusarium及丝核菌Rhizoctonia属为优势种群；叶中则以链格孢属Alternaria、拟茎点霉属Phomopsis及茎点霉属Phoma为优势种群。此外，不同季节间内生真菌的组成也存在一定差异，春季以丝孢纲类居多(IF=31.42%)，秋季则以腔孢纲类居多(IF=31.01%)。

Abstract:

[Objective] In order to understand the diversity and succession change of endophytic fungal communities of Aloe barbadensis at different habitats. [Methods] Healthy perennial samples were collected in Yunnan, Sichuan, Guangdong and Shaanxi provinces. The endophytic fungi were isolated from the foliage and roots of the samples. Then they were identified based on morphological and molecular methods. And the endophytic fungal communities were analyzed by statistical?evaluation. [Results] A total of 1 442 isolates were obtained which were belonged to twenty-nine different genera. Among which 96.88% only been observed to produce asexual or no spores, others were belonged to Ascomycotina (0.83%), Basidiomycotina (0.07%) and Zygomycota (2.22%) respectively. The Alternaria (35.63%), Fusarium (12.69%) and Phomopsis (11.65%) were the dominant genera. [Conclusion] The community of endophytic fungi from Aloe barbadensis of Yunnan and that of Sichuan has the highest similarity (Cs=0.88), while the community similarity of Guangdong and that of Yunnan was the lowest (Cs=0.73). Alternaria, Fusarium and Rhizoctonia were the dominant genera in root, but Alternaria, Phomopsis and Phoma were the primary one in foliage. Additionally, the isolation rate of Hypomycetes was the highest (31.42%) in spring, but that of Coelomycetes (31.01%) was the highest in autumn.