副溶血性弧菌Vibrio parahaemolyticus O3:K6大流行克隆的溯源

Traceability of Vibrio parahaemolyticus pandemic O3:K6 serovar clone

摘要:

副溶血性弧菌(Vibrio Parahaemolyticus)是一种革兰氏阴性嗜盐性海洋细菌。1950年从日本一次暴发性食物中毒中首次分离发现。作为一种食源性人鱼共患致病菌，副溶血性弧菌在全球的河口、海洋和沿海广泛传播，由其引起的食物中毒已跃居其它病原菌之首。副溶血性弧菌在进化过程中通过基因重组和基因水平转移逐渐改善其对环境的适应性，因而与其它所有致病微生物相比，副溶血性弧菌的基因型和血清型都具有高度的多样性。本文就副溶血性弧菌，特别是1996年后在世界范围内出现的O3:K6新血清型流行株(形成所谓的O3:K6大流行克隆Pandemic clone)的发现及流行特征、变异分子流行病学特征、在我国的分布及研究进展进行综述，以期为O3:K6大流行克隆的溯源提供更多依据。

Abstract:

Vibrio parahaemolyticus, a gram-negative halophilic bacterium, first identified as a cause of food-borne illness in Japan in 1950, is widely disseminated in estuarine, marine, and coastal environments throughout the world. As one of major pathogens, V. parahaemolyticus can cause bacterial food poisoning and threaten the public health. V. parahaemolyticus isolates are multiple diverse genotype and serotypes faster adapting to the versatile environment. Molecular genetic analysis showed that the genetic diversity may be acquired as a result of gene recombination or horizontal gene transfer. This paper reviewed the finding, distribution, epidemiological characteristics and mutation molecular epidemiological characteristics of V. parahaemolyticus, particularly the global dissemination of pandemic serovar O3:K6 clone, so as to provide evidences for the traceability of the isolates.