微生物耐受乙醇与丁醇机制及其在生物燃料生产与生物转化中的应用

Applications of microbial ethanol and butanol tolerance in biofuel production and biotransformation

摘要:

生物法获取乙醇与丁醇过程中有机溶剂的毒性是生产菌重要环境胁迫因素之一，且当有机溶剂超过一定浓度时便会抑制微生物的生长，甚至引起微生物的死亡，因此提高工业微生物的有机溶剂耐受性对工业生产具有重要的意义。对微生物乙醇及丁醇耐受机制的研究可为选育具有较强溶剂耐受菌提供理论基础。本文系统介绍了微生物耐受乙醇与丁醇的机制，并对其在生物燃料生产及生物转化中面临的机遇与挑战等问题进行简要的评述。

关键词:溶剂耐受性，机制，应用，生物燃料

Abstract:

Solvent toxicity to producing microorganisms is one of the key stress elements during ethanol and butanol production by microbial fermentation. Furthermore, ethanol and butanol inhibit microbial growth and even cause cell death when the concentration reaches a certain value. Improvement of solvent tolerance of these microorganisms is important for industrial applications. Research on the ethanol and butanol tolerance mechanisms of microorganisms can provide basis for breeding of producing strains with improved solvent tolerance. In this paper, we reviewed ethanol and butanol tolerance mechanisms of microorganisms. The opportunities and challenges in the applications for biofuel and biotransformation are also discussed.

Key words:Solvent tolerance, Mechanism, Application, Biofuel