一株甲醛降解菌的筛选及降解特性的研究

Isolation and identification of bacterium strain efficient degrading formaldehyde and its degraing characteristics

摘要:

【目的】以甲醛为唯一碳源与能源，以期从印染厂采集的活性污泥中筛选出快速降解甲醛的菌株。【方法】采用传统微生物纯培养方法和形态学特征、生理生化试验，结合16S rRNA基因序列分析以及甲醛关键脱氢酶(FDH)对筛选的菌株W1进行系统研究，并利用正交设计法研究不同因素处理对菌株W1降解甲醛特性的影响。【结果】分类结果显示鉴定菌株W1属于恶臭假单胞菌(Pseudomonas putida)，通过单因素试验和正交试验考察培养条件对菌株降解甲醛的影响，得出菌株W1降解甲醛的最适条件为：甲醛浓度为500 mg/L，温度30 °C，pH 6.0，摇床转速为200 r/min，接种量为3%。【结论】在最适条件下菌株W1具有较强的降解甲醛能力，在24 h其甲醛降解率达98%。

Abstract:

[Objective] The purpose of this project was to isolate a newly formaldehyde-degrading bacterium from soil of dyeing and printing plant activated sludges. [Methods] Strain was isolated by pure culture method and classified based on standard morphological identification, physiological and biochemical tests, 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis and formaldehyde dehydrogenase genes amplification. And the orthogonal design was used to study the capability of degradation characteristics of strains W1. [Results] The strain was identified as Pseudomonas putida. The optimum conditions of formaldehyde degradation were as follows: concentration of formaldehyde 500 mg/L, incubation temperature of 30 °C, pH 6.0, rotating rate of 200 r/min, bottled fluid volume of 3%. [Conclusion] The results showed that under optimum conditions, strain W1 had strong formaldehyde degradation capability in this study. The removal efficiency of formaldehyde can be as high as 98% in 24 h.