光合细菌对小麦生长和光合功能的影响

Effects of photosynthetic bacteria on growth and photosynthetic function in wheat

摘要:

【目的】探明光合细菌对小麦生长、产量及光合功能的影响。【方法】以尧麦16为材料，在不同生长时期施用光合细菌，研究光合细菌对小麦生长、产量及光合功能的影响。【结果】光合细菌培养液的不同成分可提高小麦旗叶SPAD值、光合速率及干物质积累。拔节期施用后，混合菌液对叶片SPAD含量促进作用最大，较不施用对照提高33.6%，小麦干物质积累较对照增加25.7%，单株籽粒重量增效为14.3%。单菌株实验处理中沼泽红假单胞菌促进作用最强，干物质积累和单株籽粒重量较培养基稀释液对照增效均为13.1%。不同施用时期的结果表明沼泽红假单胞菌对灌浆期和拔节期小麦促进效应最强，其中静息细胞可延长叶片功能期，使光合产物持续增加；无细胞培养液通过促进小麦营养生长，进而提高小麦产量。【结论】光合细菌可促进小麦生长，有效提高小麦生育过程中相关光合功能；施用时期应为小麦拔节期和灌浆期；光合细菌对小麦生长和产量促进作用是静息细胞和代谢活性物质综合作用的结果。

Abstract:

[Objective] The effects of photosynthetic bacteria on growth and photosynthetic function of wheat was researched. [Methods] Yaomai16 was employed as the research material of this research. Different kinds of photosynthetic bacteria were spread during different growth phase of wheat in order to investigate the effect of photosynthetic bacteria to the wheat in terms of growth, productivity and photosynthetic function. [Results] Different composition of culture medium of photosynthetic bacteria culture can improve the SPAD value of flag leaves, as well as photosynthetic reaction speed and dry-weight accumulation. After fertilized with photosynthetic bacteria during the elongation phase, the mixed bacteria has the largest promoting effect on the amount of SPAD in leaves, which is 33.6% higher than control groups without treatment of photosynthetic bacteria. Moreover, the dry weight accumulation and the seed weight of individual plant are increased for 25.7% and 14.3% respectively than control groups. Rhodopseudomonas palustris has the largest promoting effect which increases both the dry weight accumulation and the seed weight of individual plant for 13.1% respectively comparing to the diluted medium controls. The results from the treatment at different period indicate that Rhodopseudomonas palustris culture medium has the strongest promoting effect in jointing period and milk filling period. Additionally, the resting cell can extend the functional period of leaves and further continuously increase the photosynthetic product, the culture medium without cells can increase the productivity of wheat through improving the vegetative growth of wheat. [Conclusion] The photosynthetic bacteria can promote the growth and enhance the photosynthetic related function effectively during the developmental process of wheat. Jointing period and milk filling period are suggested to be the two of the best spread period. The increase of growth and productivity of wheat by photosynthetic bacteria is the integrated consequence of interaction between resting cell and active metabolites.