工程纳米材料对污水生物处理影响的研究进展

Effect of engineered nanomaterials on biological wastewater treatment — a review

摘要:

工程纳米材料因其独特的物理化学性质被广泛应用于生产和生活中，但其潜在的风险正逐渐引起越来越多研究者的关注。目前国内外的研究主要探讨了工程纳米材料对模式微生物的毒性效应，但是对污水处理微生物的潜在影响尚缺乏系统和完整的报道。因此，本文综述了常见纳米材料对污水生物处理的影响，如碳、氮、磷的去除、甲烷化以及功能微生物种群结构演变等；同时还探讨了两种削减纳米银颗粒毒性的途径。综述内容为深入研究纳米材料对污水生物处理的潜在影响奠定了重要的理论基础。

Abstract:

Engineered nanomaterials are widely used in industries and daily life due to their unique physical and chemical properties. However, comprehensive and systematic reports concerning the possible impacts of nanomaterials on wastewater treatment microorganisms are limited. Therefore, this review summarizes the potential influences of widely used nanomaterials on wastewater biological treatment, such as biological removal of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, methanation, and functional microbial communities. Also, two approaches to reduce the toxicity of silver nanoparticles are discussed. The results of this review provide an important theoretical basis on further investigation of the potential effects of nanomaterials on biological sewage treatment.