稳定同位素探针技术在有机污染物生物降解中的应用

Application of stable isotope probing in biodegradation of organic pollutants

摘要:

稳定同位素探针技术(Stable isotope probing，SIP)是稳定同位素标记技术和各种分子生物学手段相结合的一系列技术总称。将其应用于探查污染物降解的功能微生物，实现了不经过分离培养直接把微生物的代谢功能、微生物间相互作用与微生物种群结合起来，从而克服了传统分离培养的缺陷，扩大了微生物资源的利用空间，具有广阔的发展前景。本文介绍了稳定同位素探针技术的基本原理和技术路线，对常规PLFA-SIP、DNA-SIP、RNA-SIP的特点进行了阐述和对比；综述了SIP在有机污染物——苯系物、多环芳烃、多氯联苯生物降解方面的研究进展，提出SIP应用于根际研究是今后该技术在生物降解研究中的一个发展方向。

Abstract:

Stable isotope probing (SIP) is a series of techniques by combining stable isotope labeling with molecular methods. SIP links microbial function and interactions with identity without isolated culture, which avoids the drawback of pure culture and extends the available boundary of microbial resources. The application of SIP to identify functional microorganisms in organic pollutant biodegradation has a bright prospect. This review introduces the fundamental principal and procedure of SIP, the characteristic of PLFA-SIP, DNA-SIP and RNA-SIP, and the application of SIP in biodegrading organic pollutants (Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene and Xylene (BTEX); Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs)). Future prospect of SIP in rhizospheric biodegradation is also presented.