双台子河口沉积物中细菌多样性分析

Analysis of the bacterial diversity in the sediments of Shuang Taizi estuary

摘要:

【目的】掌握双台子河口沉积物中细菌多样性及其群落结构的季节变化特征。【方法】于2009年4月、7月、10月和12月共4个航次在内陆河流入海口处进行四季样品的采集, 采用PCR-DGGE技术对沉积物中细菌多样性进行分析。【结果】通过序列比对发现, 该处沉积物中的细菌主要归属于5个细菌类群, 分别为变形菌门(52.6%)、放线菌门(15.8%)、拟杆菌门(10.5%)、酸杆菌门(5.3%)以及绿弯菌门(5.3%), 此外还有一部分分类地位尚不明确的细菌(10.5%)。在四季样品中变形菌门(52.6%)为优势菌群, 而在变形菌门中, δ亚群又占绝对优势地位。实验结果还显示四季沉积物中细菌Shannon-Wiener多样性指数范围为1.84?2.79, 且春夏两季沉积物中的Shannon-Wiener多样性指数比秋冬两季沉积物中Shannon-Wiener多样性指数大。【结论】双台子河口沉积物中的细菌多样性符合典型河口沉积物中细菌多样性的特征; 低温能导致沉积物中细菌多样性的减少。这为初步掌握双台子河口沉积物中细菌种类和组成状况提供了一定的参考, 同时也为该处海洋环境的监测及生物资源的保护提供了科学依据。

Abstract:

[Objective] The aim of this study was to analyze the seasonal characteristics of bacterial diversity and community structure in sediments of the Shuang Taizi estuary. [Methods] Four seasonal samples, sitting in Shuang Taizi estuary, were collected in April, July, October and December, 2009, respectively. PCR-DGGE method was employed to analysis the bacterial diversity. [Results] By sequening, the bacteria in sediments of Shuang Taizi estuary fell into five known phyla, which were Proteobacteria (52.6%), Actinobacteria (15.8%), Bacteroidetes (10.5%), Acidobacteria (5.3%) and Chloroflexi (5.3%). Besides, a part of unidentified bacteria (10.5%) was detected. The Proteobacteria (52.6%) were dominant species, in which the δ-Proteobacteria gained the uppermost position. In addition, the results also indicated that the values of Shannon-Wiener index for bacterial community structure ranged from 1.84 to 2.79, the values of Shannon-Wiener index in spring and summer were higher than that of in autumn and winter. [Conclusion] The bacterial diversity in the sediments of Shuang Taizi estuary was in accordance with the bacterial diversity characteristics of the typical estuarine. Low-temperature can lead to a loss of the microbial diversity. This work presented a certain reference for the preliminary understanding of the bacterial species and composition in this estuary. At the same time, it provided a scientific evidence for monitoring of the marine environment, as well as preserving of the biological resources in this area.