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一株原油降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性研究
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国家自然科学基金项目(No. 31100092)


Studies on isolation, identification of crude oil degrading bacteria and its degradation capability
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    摘要:

    【目的】对从大连湾原油污染海域生长的海绵中分离的原油降解菌2-9进行鉴定及降解特性研究。【方法】采用16S rRNA基因序列同源性分析、生理生化指标测定、DNA G+C含量测定、全细胞脂肪酸组成测定、碳源利用实验等多种方法对该菌株进行鉴定, 并通过降解实验测定其对原油的降解情况。【结果】菌株2-9鉴定为Nitratireductor basaltis, 革兰氏阴性, 接触酶和氧化酶阳性。在GenBank中与其16S rRNA基因序列相似度最高的模式株为Nitratireductor basaltis J3T, 相似性为99%。可生长的pH 范围为6.0?10.0, 最适生长pH值为8.0; 可生长温度范围为15 °C?42 °C, 最适生长温度为30 °C; NaCl浓度生长范围是0?8% (w/v), 最适生长盐度为2%。该菌株可以利用多种糖和有机酸的碳源, 其DNA G+C含量为57.29 mol%, 主要脂肪酸组成为ω7c-十八碳单不饱和脂肪酸(63.61%)、ω8c型环式十九碳饱和脂肪酸(16.97%)、饱和十八碳脂肪酸(4.28%)和十六碳饱和脂肪酸(3.39%)。同时, 考察了该菌株对原油的降解效果, 在人工海水培养基中, 14 d内对原油(初始浓度为1 g/L)的平均降解率为63.5%。【结论】菌株2-9是一株具有开发潜力的原油降解菌。

    Abstract:

    [Objective] To identify and characterize a crude oil degrading bacteria 2-9 isolated from a crude oil contaminated marine sponge from Dalian Bay, China. [Methods] According to the 16S rRNA genes sequences analysis, physiological and biochemical characterizations, DNA G+C content assaying, determination of cellular fatty acids and testing of carbon sources. Its capability of degrading crude oil was further determined. [Results] The strain 2-9 was identified as Nitratireductor basaltis. Cells are Gram-negative with catalase-positive and oxidase-positive. The similarity between its 16S rRNA gene and that of its most closely related type strain in GenBank Nitratireductor basaltis J3T was 99%. Growth of strain 2-9 occurred with 0?8% (W/V) NaCl (optimum 2%); strain 2-9 grew at 15 °C?42 °C (optimal 30 °C) and at pH 6.0?10.0 (optimum pH 8.0). It metabolized many carbohydrates and organic acids; the G+C content of its genomic DNA was 57.29 mol%. The major fatty acids were C18:1ω7c (63.61%), C19:0 cycloω8c (16.97%), C18:0 (4.28%) and C16:0 (3.39%). When the initial concentration of crude oil was 1 g/L, the strain 2-9 could consume 63.5% of the crude oil in 14 days. [Conclusion] The strain 2-9 was a crude oil degrading bacteria, holding the potential of being applied in the bioremediation of oil spill.

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信艳娟,刘亚男,吴佩春,曹旭鹏,薛松. 一株原油降解菌的分离鉴定及降解特性研究[J]. 微生物学通报, 2013, 40(4): 558-566

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  • 在线发布日期: 2013-04-07
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