蜡蚧轮枝菌和球孢白僵菌的共发酵

Co-fermentated with Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium lecanii

摘要:

【目的】球孢白僵菌(Beauveria bassiana)和蜡蚧轮枝菌(Verticillium lecanii)是国内外目前研究应用最广泛的杀虫生防真菌, 欲扩大其防治范围、增强防治效果、降低生防成本。【方法】采用共发酵技术, 通过组合菌株产孢能力和杀虫毒力比较试验, 确定蜡蚧轮枝菌和球孢白僵菌共发酵的可行性。【结果】蜡蚧轮枝菌L-31和球孢白僵菌Q-55共发酵的最佳配比为1:1时, 按10%总量接种于发酵培养液中(培养液按酵母膏5.0 g/L、葡萄糖20.0 g/L、麦芽糖提取物 5.0 g/L、KH2PO4 3.0 g/L、黄小米200.0 g/L, pH 6.5 配制), 23.0 °C±0.1 °C恒温静置发酵12 d, 共发酵液的含孢量可达1×109 CFU/mL以上, 杀虫毒力比较强, 其对温室白粉虱和菜青虫可同时显效, 处理9 d后的致死中浓度LC50分别为2.09×104±0.12 CFU/mL和3.17×105±0.11 CFU/mL, 发酵液浓度为1×108 CFU/mL时的致死中时间LT50分别为2.11±0.14 d和4.27±0.43 d, 温室小区试验校正防效在80%以上, 与其各单一菌株发酵液的防效之间存在显著性差异。【结论】通过两株生防真菌的共发酵研究, 为杀虫真菌的扩谱增效以及植物害虫的有效防治提供科学依据和有效途径。

Abstract:

[Objective] Both Beauveria bassiana and Verticillium lecanii are insecticide fungus for biological pest control in the using of study at home and abroad. In order to extend the scope and strengthen the effect of prevention and reduce the cost of biological pest control. co-fermentation have been applied in this investigation. [Methods] The feasibility of co-fermentation have been studied through comparing sporulation capacity, indoor antibiotic activities of two mixed strains. [Results] Results showed that the best ratio at 1:1 of Verticil-lium lecanii L-31 and Beauveria bassiana Q-55 by co-fermentation. Taked 10% from every inocu-lated in fermentation medium (Fermentation medium were prepared by yeast extract 5.0 g/L, glu-cose 20.0 g/L, malt extract 5.0 g/L, KH2PO4 3.0 g/L, millet 200.0 g/L, pH 6.5), 23.0 °C±0.1 °C fermentation temperature 12 d standed the total of spore-containing fermentation broth could reached 1 × 109 CFU/mL or more and have the stronger insecticide toxicity. It had inhibited effect on both Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Pieris rapae L. 9 d after treatment of the lethal concentration LC50 were 2.09×104±0.12 CFU/mL and 3.17×105±0.11 CFU/mL, broth con-centration 1×108 CFU/mL at the time of death in the LT50 was 2.11±0.14 d and 4.27±0.43 d, correct anti-greenhouse effect in the plot experiment more than 80%, having significant dif-ference with the single strain fermentation control effect. [Conclusion] It provides a scientific basis for further application of the two insecticidal funguses and a reference efficiency way for Spread-spectrum anti-fungal for spread spectrum efficiency of fungal biocontrol agents.