太湖沉积物中氮循环菌的微生态

Research on the micro-ecology of nitrogen cycling bacteria in sediments of Lake Taihu

摘要:

采用荧光原位杂交(FISH)技术, 对梅梁湾和贡湖湾湖区沉积物中微生物的主要种群, 及氮循环功能微生物的数量和分布进行了研究, 发现随着深度增加, 细菌和古菌数量均逐渐减少, 但古菌在总菌数中所占比例有所增加; 梅梁湾沉积物中氨氧化细菌及亚硝酸氧化细菌的数量均高于贡湖湾, 随深度增加, 两者数量均逐渐减少, 但在贡湖湾其占总菌数的比例高于梅梁湾, 表明水生植物可能对沉积物中微生物组成及氮循环有重要影响。泉古菌在太湖沉积物中普遍存在且数量高于氨氧化细菌, 说明其在淡水湖泊中对氮循环可能有重要作用。

关键词:沉积物, 氮循环, 原位荧光杂交(FISH), 泉古菌

Abstract:

The amount and distribution of nitrogen cycling bacteria in sediments of Meiliang Bay and Gonghu Bay of Lake Taihu were studied by FISH analysis. The amount of archaea decreased along the sediment depth, however, its ratio to total microorganisms increased. The amount of Ammonia oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and nitrite oxidizing bacteria (NOB) in Meiliang Bay was higher than that in Gonghu Bay although the amount of both bacteria decreased along the sediment depth. Our results indicated that the existence of aquatic macrophyte in Gonghu Bay might affiliate transformation of nitrogen. Crenarchaeota was universally detected in surface sediments and overnumbered AOB, which indicated that it might play an important role in nitrogen cycling.

Key words:Sediment, Nitrogen cycling, Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), Crenarchaeota