丝状真菌的细胞凋亡

Apoptosis in filamentous fungi

摘要:

凋亡是一种程序性细胞死亡类型, 为多细胞生物发育和维持生命所必需的, 也普遍存在于细菌等原核生物和酵母、丝状真菌等真核生物中。丝状真菌既具有酵母和哺乳动物共有的凋亡同源蛋白, 也具有酵母所不具备的哺乳动物凋亡同源蛋白, 所以其凋亡机制较酵母更为复杂, 而又较哺乳动物简单。凋亡在丝状真菌的发育、繁殖、衰老等过程中具有重要的作用。近年, 丝状真菌作为新的凋亡研究的模式生物被广泛研究, 而且进展迅速。综述丝状真菌的凋亡现象和检测方法, 丝状真菌中凋亡的生物学功能, 丝状真菌凋亡的诱导条件, 以及丝状真菌凋亡相关基因的功能研究进展。

Abstract:

Apoptosis is an important type of programmed cell death, which is necessary for the development and growth of higher eukaryotes including bacteria, yeast and filamentous fungi. It has been found that the apoptotic mechanism in filamentous fungi is more complex compared to yeast as they contain several homologs of the mammalian apoptosis-regulated proteins which are not present in the yeast genome. Apoptosis plays important roles in the development, reproduction and aging of filamentous fungi. Today, as new model organisms for apoptotic research, the filamentous fungi have been widely studied. In this paper we reviewed the phenomena, detection methods, functions and induction mechanisms of apoptosis in filamentous fungi.