工业腐败微生物种属特性及抗药性分析

Species Identification of Industry Spoilage Microorganism and the Resistance Analysis

摘要:

为科学治理工业领域中微生物对杀菌剂的抗药性, 从工业产品、原料及水样中采集腐败微生物, 细菌按照《常见细菌系统鉴定手册》、API鉴定系统及16S rDNA序列分析, 真菌按《真菌鉴定手册》及18S rDNA序列分析分别进行鉴定; 通过测定杀菌剂的最小抑制浓度(MIC)来评估微生物抗药性水平。结果显示, 腐败微生物中革兰氏阴性细菌约占46.91%, 主要包括假单胞菌属、肠杆菌属、气单胞菌属、克雷伯氏菌属等; 革兰氏阳性菌约占32.71%, 主要种属为芽孢杆菌属、微杆菌属、李斯特氏菌属及球菌等; 真菌约占12%, 主要包括青霉属、木霉属和曲霉属。MIC测试结果显示, 主要抗药性微生物为假单胞菌属, 约占33.78%, 平均抗性水平达到36 mg/L, 且传代不稳定。结论认为, 工业上微生物污染主要由细菌耐药性引起, 细胞膜结构及细菌生物膜的形成在该类杀菌剂抗药性产生的过程中起重要作用。

Abstract:

In the aim of preventive microorganism resistance to industrial biocides, a collection of microorganism which isolated from industry production and raw material were gathered. To characterize bacteria species according to Manual of Systematic and Determinative Bacteriology, API Identification System, 16S rDNA genes analysis, and fungus according to Manual for the Identificati of Fungi, 18S rDNA genes analysis, respectively. The minimum inhibitory concentrations for biocides were determined to estimate the microorganisms resistance. It was found that the majority of isolates in the collection were Gram-negative bacteria (46.91%) including genera Pseudomonas, Enterobacter, Aeromonas, Klebsiella and Burkholderia. The dominant strains of Gram-positive bacteria (32.71%) were genera Bacillus, Microbacterium, Arthrobacter, Listeria along with several coccus. And fungi (12%) were Aspergillus, Trichoderma and Penicillium. The value of MICs showed that main resistant species is Pseudomonas (33.78%), its average level of resistance was up to 36 mg/L and the resistance of stability was weak with subculture. The result indicated that one of the considerable reasons of biological pollution in industry was the microorganism tolerance and the nature of the membrane structure and the biofilm formation of bacteria probably played a important role in the formation of microorganism resistance.