医学微生物学PBL教学中常见问题与解决对策

Problems and Their Solutions of PBL Teaching in Medical Microbiology

摘要:

PBL(Problem-Based Learning, PBL)是以问题为导向的教学方法, 是一种有效的教学补充手段, 对提高学生的自学能力、交流与合作能力、分析问题解决问题的能力有重要帮助。在PBL教学过程中, 应注意两个重要问题: 一个是教师角色的转换, 从讲授者转为引导者, 教师要把握好角色, 避免过多干涉学生的活动, 防止影响学生的热情与积极性; 同时要时刻让学生意识到自己是PBL教学的主体, 不应过份依赖教师; 另一个重要问题是学生教学活动与教学目标的偏离, 教师要认识、分析影响教学目标实现的常见问题, 有效引导教学活动沿主线向教学目标前进。

Abstract:

PBL(Problem-Based Learning, PBL) is a problem-oriented and effective supplementary teaching method. PBL is giving a great help to improve self-learning, communication and cooperation, thinking and problems solving abilities for the students. In the process of PBL teaching, attention should be paid to two important items. One item is the role transfer for the teacher. Teacher is only a guider in PBL teaching, teacher should avoid excessive interfere of the process for keeping the passion and enthusiasm of the students. Meanwhile, students should always be realized that they are the main part in PBL teaching, they should not depend on their teacher too much. Another important item is how to find and solve the frequently encountered problems, in order to avoid students wandering from the subject, and lead them toward the main goal to get effective teaching and learning.