大兴安岭兴安落叶松森林不同林型AMF分布特性

AMF Diversity of Different Larix gmelinii Forest Types in the Great Xinganling Mountains

摘要:

为了初步了解内蒙古大兴安岭兴安落叶松森林生态系统丛枝菌根真菌(AMF)多样性状况, 调查了5种落叶松林型和火烧迹地土壤中AMF状况。从90份土样中共分离到AMF 4属53种, 其中无梗囊霉属Acaulospora 25种(47.17%), 球囊霉属Glomus 23种(43.40%), 此二属为优势属, 内养囊霉属Entrophospora 4种(7.55%), 巨孢囊霉属Gigaspora 1种(1.89%)。杜香落叶松林的优势种为浅窝无梗囊霉A. lacunosa; 草地落叶松林没有优势种, 最常见种为浅窝无梗囊霉A. lacunosa; 柴桦落叶松林的优势种为一种无梗囊霉Acaulospora sp. 3和缩球囊霉G. constrictum; 落叶松皆伐林的优势种为刺无梗囊霉A. spinosa; 落叶松渐伐林的优势种为一种球囊霉Glomus sp. 3; 火烧迹地的优势种为刺无梗囊霉A. spinosa。5种林型中以柴桦落叶松林的孢子密度(41.00个/50 g 风干土)、物种丰富度(12.66种/土样)、多样性指数(H = 2.12, D = 0.85)都为最高。孢子密度与有机质含量呈明显正相关(r = 0.956*), 物种丰富度与速效磷含量呈明显的负相关(r = -0.899*)。

Abstract:

The diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) associated with Larix gmelinii forest were investigated in the Great Xinganling mountains Inner Mongolia. Five different Larix gmelinii forest types and L. gmelinii forest burned areas were surveyed. Of the 53 AM fungal species belonging to four genera isolated from 90 soil samples, 25(47.17%) belonged to Acaulospora, 23(43.40%) to Glomus, 4(7.55%) to Entrophospora, and 1(1.89%) to Gigaspora. Acaulospora and Glomus were the dominant genera. A. lacunosa was dominant species of Ledum palustre-L. gmelinii virgin forest; A. lacunosa was the most common species of Herbage-L. gmelinii forest; Acaulospora sp. 3 and G. constrictum were the dominant species of Betula fruticosa-L. gmelinii forest; A. spinosa was dominant species of L. gmelinii clearcutting forest; Glomus sp. 3 was dominant species of L. gmelinii shelterwood; A. spinosa was dominant species of L. gmelinii forest burned areas. Of the five forest types, Betula fruticosa-L. gmelinii virgin forest had the most big spore densities, species richness, Shannon-Wiener index and Simpson index. The spore densities had significant positive correlation with organic matter in the soil; while the spore richness had significant positive correlation with available P.