废弃食用油脂生物合成鼠李糖脂研究进展

Recent Progress on Rhamnolipid Produced from Fermentation of Waste Edible Oils

摘要:

碳源的成本过高限制了鼠李糖脂的工业化生产及应用, 废弃食用油脂作为一种廉价易得的碳源, 越来越多的研究者开始关注用它发酵生产鼠李糖脂。废弃食用油脂的种类、投加量对鼠李糖脂的产量、结构、性质均会产生影响, 目前研究中用废弃食用油脂作碳源, 鼠李糖脂产量最高可达24.61 g/L、表面张力最低达到24 mN/m、产物CMC最低可达40.19 mg/L。此外, 本文还总结了菌株、氮源、微量元素、pH、溶氧及培养方式等因素对废弃食用油脂生产鼠李糖脂的影响, 并展望了利用废弃食用油脂生产鼠李糖脂实现产业化的重点研究方向。

Abstract:

Although it is widely studied as a promising bio-surfactant, biosynthesis of Rhamnolipid has not been applied in large-scale due to its high production cost. As a cheap alternative carbon source, waste edible oils have been extensively studied for the production of rhamnolipid. This paper reviewed the recent research in this field, including the influence of various waste edible oils and production, chemical structure and properties of the produced rhamnolipids. With waste edible oils, the maximum production of rhamnolipids was reported to be 24.61 g/L. The lowest surface tension was 24 mN/m and the lowest CMC of the produced rhamnolipids was 40.19 mg/L. In addition, this paper also summarized the effect of various factors on the rhamnolipids biosynthesis, such as bacteria strains, nitrogen sources, trace minerals, dissolved oxygen, pH and fermentation conditions. Based on this, the key points of the mass production of rhamnolipids with waste edible oils were also discussed.