四个类群海洋蛭弧菌类生物生长特性的比较

Comparison of Growth Characteristics of Four Clusters of Marine Bdellovibrio-and-like Organisms

摘要:

研究了噬菌弧菌科(Bacteriovoracaceae) 4个类群共12株海洋蛭弧菌类生物(Bdellovibrio- and-like organisms, BALOs)的生长温度和盐度范围及其对6种常见对虾病原弧菌的裂解能力, 并通过透射电镜分析了其中4个代表菌株的形态特征。结果表明, 同一群或亚群内菌株的生长温度或盐度相同, 即类群IV、VI、IX、X菌株的生长温度范围分别为20°C~35°C、15°C~35°C、15°C~ 40°C和10°C~40°C, 最适生长温度为30°C或35°C; 生长盐度范围分别为5‰~40‰、2.5‰~30‰、5‰~60‰和5‰~60‰, 最适生长盐度分别为10‰、5‰、20‰和20‰。测试的6种弧菌中有3种可被全部BALOs裂解, 而其它弧菌仅被部分BALOs裂解, 但即使同一类群菌株, 对某些弧菌也表现不同的裂解能力。形态上, 4株不同类群BALOs均呈典型的弧状细胞, 具极生单鞭毛。

Abstract:

The temperature and salinity ranges for growth of twelve strains of marine Bdellovibrio-and-like organisms (BALOs) which affiliated with four different phylogenetic clusters in the family Bacteriovoracaceae and the lytic ability of them to six kinds of common shrimp pathogen vibrios were studied. The morphological characteristics of four representative strains were examined with transmission electron microscope. The results showed that the strains within the same cluster or sub-cluster had identical growth temperature or salinity. The growth temperature ranges of clusters IV, VI, IX and X strains were 20°C~35°C, 15°C~35°C, 15°C~40°C, 10°C~40°C, respectively, and the optimum growth temperature was about 30°C or 35°C. The growth salinity ranges of clusters IV, VI, IX and X strains were 5‰~40‰, 2.5‰~30‰, 5‰~60‰ and 5‰~60‰, and the optimum salinities were about 10‰, 5‰, 20‰ and 20‰, respectively. Three of the six kinds of vibrios tested were lysed by all the BALOs, while the others could only be lysed by some of the BALOs. However, differential lysis to some of the vibrios was also observed among BALOs within the same cluster. The four strains of different clusters all exhibited typical BALOs morphology, having vibrioid cell with a single polar flagellum.