应用RAPD分析技术研究生姜青枯病的土壤防治

Controlling Ginger Bacterial Wilt of Soil by Using RAPD Analysis

摘要:

利用随机扩增多态性技术(RAPD)研究生姜连作地、施加有机肥后的生姜连作地及新开地中土壤微生物多样性与生姜青枯病的关系, 结果发现, 连作地的青枯病发病率为100%, 新开地没有发病, 而施加有机肥的连作地生姜青枯病发病率降至37%。发现施加有机肥连作地的真菌、放线菌数量增加, 平板上不同菌落形态的真菌、细菌、放线菌增加明显。多样性指数分析发现Shannon指数、Simpson指数等均显著增加。随机扩增条带出现连作地的条带丰富度较少、新开地的条带最多、施加有机肥连作地的RAPD条带明显多于连作地, 接近新开地, 并出现了一些连作地没有的特异条带。结果表明, 施加有机肥可以改善土壤微生物群落结构。

Abstract:

Relationship between bacterial wilt of ginger with its soil biodiversity of freshly plowed soil, continuous cropping soil of ginger and continuous cropping soil receiving ecologically organic fertilizer (EOF) was studied by Random Amplification polymorphic DNA (RAPD) method. The results showed that ginger wilt did not occur in freshly plowed soil, while the ratio of ginger wilt was 100% in continuous cropping soil, and reduced to 37% when the continuous cropping soil receiving ecologically organic fertilizer. The soil microbial number of Fungi, Actinomyce is increased in continuous cropping soil receiving EOF, but a few changes of bacteria were found, as the varieties of strains in vitro were increased obviously. The simpson index, Shannon index all greatly increased after adding the EOF, which was similar to those in freshly plowed soil. The DNA sequence diversity of soil microbial communities was affected by EOF. The band of random amplification analysis showed a lot of amplification DNA bands in continuous cropping soil receiving EOF, and the distinctness that didn’t exist in continuous cropping soil emerged. The results of study suggest that applying EOF can enrich or decrease some microbial species in soil. It may also increase soil biodiversity and exhibit beneficial to suppress soil – borne pathogens on ecological level.