抗菌肽的抗菌机制及其临床应用

Antimicrobial Peptides: Antibacterial Mechanism and Therapeutic Use

摘要:

抗菌肽是广泛存在于生物体内的一种小分子肽, 具有广谱性、高效性、稳定性等特点, 其本身不易产生耐药性。不仅具有杀菌作用, 还能抑杀真菌、寄生虫、病毒以及肿瘤细胞且对正常细胞毒性较小。新颖抗生素发现的缺乏, 导致了大量耐药菌株的出现, 抗菌肽有可能成为一种新的抗生素替代品。本文介绍了抗菌肽的结构特点、生物活性, 并重点阐述了其抗菌机制及最新临床应用进展。

Abstract:

Antimicrobial peptides, a cluster of small peptides secreted by the majority of creatures, have been demonstrated with activity against a wide range of microorganisms including bacteria, protozoa, yeast, fungi, viruses and even tumor cells. These peptides have some features such as broad spectrum , high efficacy and stability, little drug resistance. A lack of new antibiotics combined with emerging multi-drug resistance issues demands that new antimicrobial strategies be explored for treating these infections. It has been proposed that the antimicrobial peptides might form the foundation for a new class of clinically useful antimicrobials. We review the advantages of these molecules in construction features and bioactivity, with the focus on the mechanism and clinical applications.