细菌“活的不可培养状态”的生态意义及研究进展

Ecological Significance and Processes in Research of the Viable but Nonculturable State in Bacteria

摘要:

“活的不可培养(VBNC)”状态是细菌在不良条件下的一种生存方式。VBNC状态作为细菌的一种生理状态, 对传统微生物学产生了深远的影响。进入VBNC状态的细胞发生了一系列变化, 无法继续用常规培养方法检测, 在医学健康、环境科学等领域产生了巨大的影响, 改进检测方法具有重要的意义。本文介绍了进入VBNC状态细菌在DNA、蛋白质组成等方面发生的变化, 复苏过程, 同时还介绍了VBNC状态的最新检测方法, 最后对VBNC状态未来的研究方法进行了讨论。

关键词:细菌, 活的不可培养状态, 复苏, 可培养性

Abstract:

The viable but noncuturable (VBNC) state is a survival strategy when bacteria are exposed to environment stress. The VBNC state is part of the life cycle of non-differentiating bacteria, and it has a far-reaching impact on traditional bacteriology. Cells in the VBNC state fail to grow on the routine bacteriological media, here its significance in human health and environment science are detailed. Cells entering the VBNC state exhibit dwarfing and a number of metabolic changes in respiration rates and macromolecular synthesis. This paper summarized the variations in DNA and protein comparing to the culturable cells. We also discussed the ability of cells to resuscitate from the VBNC state and return to an actively metabolizing and culturable form. Some new methods for monitoring the VBNC state were listed. Finally the future was suggested.

Key words:Bacteria, Viable but nonculturable state, Resuscitation, Culturability