硝化细菌中亚硝酸盐氧化还原酶的研究进展

Research Progress of Nitrite Oxidoreductase in Nitrobacteria

摘要:

亚硝酸盐氧化还原酶(nitrite oxidoreductase, NXR)是硝化细菌将亚硝酸盐氧化为硝酸盐的关键酶, 广泛存在于亚硝酸盐氧化菌中。由于它是可溶性的膜内酶, 其催化机理与膜内电子传递密切联系, 给它的研究带来了一定的困难。本文综述了多年来国内外研究者从不同方面对NXR研究的成果, 详细论述了NXR的组成结构、工作机理以及不同因子对其活性的影响, 总结了近几年应用于研究NXR的新方法, 并展望了对NXR研究的发展方向及其意义。

Abstract:

Nitrite oxidoreductase (NXR) is the key enzyme responsible for the oxidation of NO2- to NO3- in nitrite-oxidizing bacteria. Since NXR is a dissoluble enzyme, located at the inner side of the membranes of cells, its function is dependent on the electron transfer chain related to membranes. This paper reviews the advances in study on NXR, including the structure, catalysis mechanism and the impact of different factors. New techniques applied in recent studies and research prospects are also presented.