抗感枯萎病西瓜根际微生物比较研究

Comparison of Rhizosphere Microorganisms Between Fusarium Wilt Resistant and Susceptible Watermelon

摘要:

本文通过传统微生物培养方法, 研究了在土培和基质培条件下, 抗感枯萎病西瓜不同生育期根际和非根际微生物数量的变化。结果表明, 微生物数量在根际显著高于在非根际微生物, 且随西瓜生长发育的阶段不同而变化, 苗期根际微生物数量最少, 以后随西瓜生长发育, 根际微生物数量不断增加, 至生长旺盛的开花结果期, 微生物数量达到最高, 在西瓜生长发育后期, 根际微生物数量又有所回落。西瓜抗枯萎病性与根际细菌的数量具有相关性, 在生长发育各个阶段, 无论是土培还是基质培, 均表现为抗病材料的根际细菌数量高于感病材料的根际细菌数量。根际真菌与放线菌数量与西瓜的抗感枯萎病性没有相关性。非根际微生物数量在整个生育期变化辐度较小。非根际细菌数量在土培条件下几乎保持在同一水平, 在基质培条件下迅速增加, 至生长后期有所回落。非根际真菌与放线菌数量在土培和基质培条件下均于生长后期达到最高。

关键词:西瓜, 枯萎病抗性, 根际微生物, 微生物培养

Abstract:

In this paper, the number of rhizosphere and non-rhizosphere microbial organisms of fusarium wilt resistant and susceptible watermelon under soil culture and soilless substrate culture were was studied by traditional culture methods. The results showed that, the number of rhizoshpere microbial organisms is was significantly higher than non-rhizosphere, and the number is was changed with the stage of watermelon grow, the number is was the lowest in seedling stage and increased with the watermelon grow, and achieved highest at the flowering and fruiting stage, decreased with the watermelon ageing. The fusarium wilt resistant of watermelon is was correspondence with number of rhizosphere bacteria; the number of rhizosphere bacteria of resistant watermelon is was higher than that of susceptible watermelon in each stage under soil culture and soilless culture. The fusarium wilt resistant of watermelon is no correspondence with number of rhizosphere fungi and actinomycete. The number of non-rhizosphere microbial organisms is was changed in a small range in the whole growing stage. The non-rhizosphere bacteria have no significant change in the whole stage under soil culture and increased quickly under soilless substrate culture and decreased at the later stage. The non-rhizosphere fungi and actinomycete reached highest at the later stage under soil culture or soilless substrate culture.

Key words:Watermelon, Fusarium resistant, Rhizosphere microbial, Microbial culture