肉座菌目3个中国新记录种

Three new records of Hypocreales in China

摘要:

【背景】土壤中蕴藏着丰富的丝状真菌，这些真菌对生物多样性研究及新活性化合物开发具有重要意义。【目的】调查我国部分地区土壤真菌的物种多样性，储备战略生物资源。【方法】利用稀释平板法分离土壤菌株，测量菌落直径，观察微观形态特征，并提供详细描述和图示。提取菌丝DNA，测定内转录间隔区(internal transcribed spacer regions, ITS)和核糖体DNA大亚基(large subunit nuclear ribosomal DNA, LSU)序列，采用贝叶斯法(Bayesian inference, BI)和最大似然法(maximum likelihood, ML)构建系统发育树。【结果】综合形态特征和分子生物学结果，发现肉座菌目(Hypocreales) 3个种，分别是微孢新枝顶孢(Neoacremonium minutisporum)、韦尔德威斯近帚枝霉(Parasarocladium wereldwijsianum)和萨西贾帚枝霉(Sarocladium sasijaorum)。【结论】参考国内已报道的肉座菌目物种，确定这3个种为中国新记录种，研究结果丰富了我国丝状真菌的物种多样性。

关键词:子囊菌;新枝顶孢属;近帚枝霉属;帚枝霉属;系统发育

Abstract:

[Background] Soil harbors abundant filamentous fungi which are of great significance for the research on biodiversity and the development of new bioactive compounds. [Objective] To investigate the soil fungal diversity in some areas of China and reserve biological resources. [Methods] Fungal strains were isolated by the dilution-plate method from soil samples. The colony characteristics and microscopic morphology of these strains were observed, measured, described and graphed. The genomic DNA was extracted from mycelia, and the ITS and LSU regions were sequenced. Bayesian inference and maximum likelihood methods were employed to construct phylogenetic trees. [Results] Based on the morphological characteristics and molecular data, three Hypocreales species, Neoacremonium minutisporum, Parasarocladium wereldwijsianum and Sarocladium sasijaorum were identified. [Conclusion] Referring to the reported Hypocreales species in China, we confirmed these three species as new records in China. The results enrich the species diversity of fungi in China.

Key words:Ascomycetes;Neoacremonium;Parasarocladium;Sarocladium;phylogeny