复合菌群协同去除镉与四环素的响应面法优化与效能分析

Response surface optimization and efficiency analysis of synergistic removal of cadmium and tetracycline by a microbial consortium

摘要:

背景 重金属镉和抗生素四环素是农业环境中常见的复合污染物，具协同毒性和迁移性。目的 构建一种高效、稳定的复合微生物菌群，以协同去除Cd²⁺并降解四环素。方法 从陕西某养殖场污染土壤中筛选出3株优势菌株(G1, G3, P1)，分别鉴定为芽孢杆菌属(Bacillus)、粘质沙雷氏菌(Serratia marcescens)和曲霉属(Aspergillus)。构建复合菌群后，利用单因素分析、Plackett-Burman设计和Box-Behnken Design响应面优化其培养条件，并通过电感耦合等离子体质谱法(inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, ICP-MS)和HPLC检测污染物去除效率。结果 优化条件下复合菌群对Cd²⁺的去除率达93.157%，四环素降解率达85.216%，与模型预测值高度一致(偏差<0.5%)，验证了所建模型的准确性及适用性。结论 本研究所构建的复合菌群在Cd²⁺和四环素复合污染治理中具备良好的协同去污能力及环境适应性。

Abstract:

Background Cadmium and tetracycline are common co-contaminants in agricultural environments, characterized by synergistic toxicity and mobility.Objective This study aims to construct an efficient and stable microbial consortium capable of simultaneously removing Cd²⁺ and degrading tetracycline.Methods Three dominant strains (G1, G3, and P1) were isolated from contaminated soil at a livestock farm in Shaanxi province and identified as Bacillus, Serratia marcescens, and Aspergillus, respectively. After the consortium was assembled, its cultivation conditions were optimized by single-factor experiments, Plackett-Burman design, and Box-Behnken design. The removal efficiency was evaluated via inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and HPLC.Results Under optimized conditions, the consortium achieved a Cd²⁺ removal rate of 93.157% and a tetracycline degradation rate of 85.216%, with deviations of less than 0.5% from the predicted values, confirming the accuracy and reliability of the model.Conclusion The microbial consortium developed in this study exhibits excellent synergistic remediation potential for Cd²⁺ and tetracycline co-contaminated environments and environmental adaptability.