不同培养基对富集筛选脱色真菌菌群的效果比较

Effects of Different Media on Enriching and Screening Fungi Culture with the Abilities of Decolorizing Various Synthetic Dyes

摘要:

利用活性黑RB5和活性红M-3BE作为筛选因子，从染料脱色效果、菌群产酶能力以及菌群中的微生物丰富度三方面比较了酵母培养基A、产漆酶真菌培养基B和白腐真菌培养基D在脱色真菌富集筛选方面的效果。富集筛选结果共得到11组具有明显脱色效果的真菌菌群，其中5组来自于D培养基，A和B培养基各获得3组。来自A培养基的3组菌群显示出最好的脱色效果和最大的菌群丰富度，对50mg/L的活性红M-3BE和酸性红A溶液的脱色率最高达到99.53%和97.42%，从中分离到了16株真菌，初步鉴定分属于水霉科、曲霉科（红曲霉属）、节壶菌科和白粉菌科；而B和D培养基中所获得的菌群脱色效果稍差，从中仅得到3株和2株真菌，初步鉴定属于酵母和青霉。A、B两种培养基在各种染料存在下更易产生木质素过氧化物酶，产漆酶能力较弱，而D培养基产漆酶活性较高。

Abstract:

In this paper 3 different media (A，for yeast cultivation ; B, for laccase producing; D, for white rot fungi cultivation) were compared in enriching and screening decolorizing fungi culture using Reactive Black 5 (RB5) and Reactive Red (M-3BE) from the following three points: decolorization effects, abilities of producing enzymes and diversity of microbial community. 11 groups of fungi with obvious decolorization effects were obtained after enrichment for near one month. Among them, 6 groups came from medium D, the other two 3 groups from medium A and B, respectively. However, the 3 groups from medium A exhibited the highest microbial diversity and best decolorization results with 99.53% and 97.42% color removal rate of Reactive Red M-3BE and Acid Red. From them, 16 strains of fungi were isolated and primarily identified as Saprolegniaceae, Eurotiaceae (Monascus went), Erysiphaceae and Physodermataceae. Fungi groups from medium B and D exhibited a bit lower color removal rate of various dyes and only 3 and 2 isolates primarily classified as Saccharomycetaceae and Eurotiaceae (Penicillium) were obtained from them. Fungi cultures in medium A and B could produce lignin peroxidase, and those in medium D could be detected higher activity of laccase. All the fungal cultures exhibited very weak activity of manganese dependant peroxidase.