Ethanol can be produced from lignocellulose by first hydrolysing the material to sugars，including hexose，and pentose，and then fermenting the hydrolysate to ethanol.Hydrolysis using dilute-acid has advantages over other methods.However，compounds which inhibit fermentation are generated during this kind of hydrolysis.Therefore，it is important to focus on microorganisms metabolizing xylose and tolerating/decomposing inhibitors，on detoxification methods of hydroly- sates with low-cost and facilitated to scale-up，and different fermentation modes in ethanol production from hydrolysate.This review summarized the advance in above aspects.
