解脂耶氏酵母生物合成芳香族氨基酸衍生物的合成生物学策略

Strategy for the biosynthesis of aromatic amino acid derivatives by Yarrowia lipolytica

摘要:

芳香族氨基酸衍生物广泛存在于自然界中，具有多种生物活性，包括抗氧化、抗炎、神经保护和抗癌特性。在食品、化妆品、营养保健品、化学等领域，尤其在制药工业中发挥着重要作用。近年来，解脂耶氏酵母(Yarrowia lipolytica)作为一种非常规模式生物，因其独特的生理生化特性在生物合成领域展现出独特的潜力，特别是在芳香族氨基酸衍生物的合成上，包括白藜芦醇和柚皮素等。由于其独特的胞质环境和高通量的乙酰辅酶A，解脂耶氏酵母成为合成芳香族氨基酸衍生物的理想宿主。本文总结了解脂耶氏酵母在生产芳香族氨基酸衍生物方面的合成生物学策略，并汇总目前解脂耶氏酵母合成芳香族氨基酸衍生物的进展，对解脂耶氏酵母底盘细胞在合成生物学未来的发展和挑战进行了展望。

关键词:解脂耶氏酵母;芳香族氨基酸衍生物;合成生物学;代谢工程

Abstract:

Aromatic amino acid derivatives are widely distributed in the nature and possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, and anticancer activities. They play important roles in various fields such as food, cosmetics, nutritional supplements, and chemistry, particularly in the pharmaceutical industry. In recent years, the unconventional model organism Yarrowia lipolytica has emerged as a promising candidate in biosynthesis due to its unique physiological and biochemical characteristics. Specifically, it has shown significant potential in the synthesis of aromatic amino acid derivatives, including resveratrol and naringenin. With a distinctive cytosolic environment and high flux of acetyl-CoA, Y. lipolytica stands out as an ideal host for the synthesis of aromatic amino acid derivatives. This review summarizes the biosynthesis strategies of Y. lipolytica in the production of aromatic amino acid derivatives and reviews the current progress in this field. Furthermore, it discusses the future prospects and challenges of applying Y. lipolytica as a chassis cell in synthetic biology.

Key words:Yarrowia lipolytica;aromatic amino acid derivatives;synthetic biology;metabolic engineering