肠道菌群：肠道干细胞增殖分化的调节者

Gut microbiota: an orchestrator of intestinal stem cell proliferation and differentiation

摘要:

肠道干细胞(intestinal stem cells, ISCs)是肠道各类上皮细胞的来源，通过平衡增殖与分化维持肠道稳态。同时，肠道菌群及其代谢物在维持宿主肠道稳态中也发挥着重要作用。随着技术的发展，研究者认识到ISCs与肠道菌群之间存在相互作用。研究表明，ISCs对上皮细胞亚型的调控影响肠道菌群的组成，并且肠道菌群及其代谢物也影响ISCs介导的上皮发育。本文阐述了ISCs分化对肠道菌群的影响，重点总结了肠道菌群及其代谢物调控ISCs增殖分化的研究进展，从菌群调控ISCs的角度探讨肠道损伤的治疗思路，并对未来可能的研究方向进行讨论。

Abstract:

Intestinal stem cells (ISCs) are the source of intestinal epithelial cells, maintaining intestinal homeostasis by orchestrating proliferation and differentiation. Gut microbiota and their metabolites also play a role in maintaining host intestinal homeostasis. With technological advances, the interaction between ISCs and gut microbiota has drawn increasing attention. Emerging evidence has demonstrated that ISCs regulate the composition of gut microbiota by affecting the subtypes of epithelial cells, while gut microbiota and their metabolites modulate the epithelial development mediated by ISCs. In this review, we elucidate the effects of ISCs differentiation on gut microbiota, summarize the progress in the effects of gut microbiota and their metabolites on the proliferation and differentiation of ISCs, and forecast the possible research directions in the future, aiming to give new insights into the therapies for intestinal injury.